Is it okay to have a Pap test during your period?

Dear Curious, 

What you’ve heard is generally true: health care providers usually recommend avoiding Pap tests during your period because the menstrual blood can sometimes affect the results. That said, there’s no need to let code red turn you blue. Depending on your flow, your provider may still be able to do the test accurately. If rescheduling is difficult, you may still want to keep your appointment. Read on to learn more about Pap tests and how your period can affect them. 

What is a Pap test? 

A Pap test, also called a Pap smear, is a screening test used to check for cervical cancer and changes in cervical cells that could become cancerous over time. Providers may also use it to look for signs of certain infections or inflammation.  

During the procedure, your provider will: 

• Insert a speculum in the vagina so they can see the cervix clearly 
• Use a small brush or swab to collect cells from the cervix 
• Place the sample into a container and send it to a lab for testing 

List adapted from the Cleveland Clinic 

The test itself is often quick and only takes a few minutes.  

Can your period affect the results? 

Sometimes, yes. If you have a light period or are only spotting, it is unlikely to affect your Pap test results. However, if you are experiencing heavier bleeding, it may be more difficult for your healthcare provider to collect a clear sample of cervical cells and spot abnormalities. This is because a heavier flow can dilute or hide the cervical cells. In some cases, this can lead to an unclear result and a need to repeat the test later. 

Here’s a general way to think about flow levels: 

• Light flow: changing a pad or tampon every 4 to 8 hours 
• Moderate flow: changing a pad or tampon every 2 to 3 hours 
• Heavy flow: changing a pad or tampon every 1 to 2 hours 

List adapted from Verywell Health 

Menstrual blood itself most likely won’t bother your provider. Before the exam, you’ll remove your tampon, pad, or menstrual cup. Your provider can gently clear away excess blood before collecting the sample. 

How can you prepare for a Pap test?

If your periods are fairly predictable, keeping track of your menstrual cycle may help you schedule your Pap test for a time when you’re not menstruating. 

There are a few other things you can do to help improve the accuracy of your results. Providers usually recommend avoiding the following for about two days before your test: 

• Sexual intercourse 
• Douching 
• Vaginal creams, medications, or hygiene products 

 These can irritate or obscure cervical cells, which may affect the results.  

 Should you keep or reschedule your appointment? 

Some people prefer not to get a Pap test during their period simply because it can feel less comfortable, especially if you’re already dealing with cramps or pain. When you’re on your period, your cervix might move lower which can be more uncomfortable and sensitive while getting a Pap test.    

While it’s ultimately up to you, you may want to keep your appointment if: 

• Your flow is light 
• You’ve been having symptoms like unusual discharge, pelvic pain, or irregular bleeding 
• Your provider tells you it’s ok to come in anyway 
• It’s difficult to reschedule your appointment 

List adapted from Verywell Health 

On the other hand, if you’re experiencing a heavy flow or feel too uncomfortable, rescheduling may be the better option. If you do cancel, try to reschedule soon so you don’t miss an important screening. 

Cervical cancer can often be treated more successfully when caught early. If you’re unsure whether to keep your appointment while on your period, your health care provider can help you decide what makes the most sense for your situation. 

Hopefully, this helps you go with the flow,